Value Engineering

be . , so one of the issues, organizations and companies are familiar with these techniques .

use has been reported . therefore we also are aware of the special needs of these students .



Research limitations : Value Engineering in any of the obstacles to achieve better value must be an appropriate method of trimmed or removed . General barriers that exist in the problem solving process are:
Overall though
The absence of significant figures
Lack of proper awareness of the costs
Do not accept answers that best
The inability of industry experts , experienced practitioners and standard
Failure detection technique and overcome obstacles

Methods: The research method is based on searching for information in books and publications and has been searching through the internet .


Study abroad experience :

In the event

1947 America the formal value analysis program was conducted at the General Electric Company .

Lawrence minimize the value of the first seminar held in 1952 America .

1959 America Society of America Value Engineering Value Engineering was established with the aim to strive for progress and development .

1962 America America's defense department contracts with a value over $ 100,000 worth of engineering will be required .

1965 Japan Society of Japanese Value Engineers formed a committee was established .

1967 Canada and Scotland to form the Engineers

1973 America Society of America Currency Value Engineering Value Engineering services to assist the legitimate government .

1977 India constituted the engineering community

Saudi Arabia in 1986 , according to the Department of Defense Value Engineering

1987 Korean engineers association value

The first European conference in Paris , France in 1990 where the management was attended by representatives from European countries .

1992 World Federation of America was formed by the engineers .

Iran in 2002 formed the Association of Iranian Engineers







Basic Concepts of Value Engineering :


1 - function (function): What is causing the demand for a product .

The main function (basic function): The primary purpose or main activity by product
Service or facility is done .
Function sub (secondary function): a function that determines the quality and performance
Different standards of attractiveness and overall customer satisfaction towards the product 's main function being performed
Owner will meet minimum expectations .
Operating cost (worth function): A function to be spent to achieve the lowest cost .

2 - Quality (quality): the ability to provide the highest level of product performance or product life cycle defined in the given period .

3 - Owner (user): an organization that uses the facility could include consumer Khrydarv or owner.

4 - The value (value): is the lowest cost functions as required by the desired time specified and estimated performance measures that need to be fulfilled operation .

5 - Economic value (economic value): The relationship between benefits and costs of service and product and facility
In terms of operation. The economic value of the components of " value " , " credit rating "
" Conversion Value " " Value for money " is.

5 - value (use value): The financial equivalent functional characteristics of a product or service that needs to be fulfilled Brdarra safe .

6 - credit value (esteem value): attributes of a product or service that contributes to the financing of the property , or the sale of its going to be Ayjadtmayl .

7 - The value of the conversion (exchange value): Total funding by which a product or service can be traded in the market .





10 - The value of the program (program value): Plan and practice a methodology for optimizing the total cost of a used product .

Each object has a value which should be a benefit to satisfy demand . When you find a product that is valuable and useful , and demanded it be difficult to obtain .
" be done . Value Engineering is well aware of this and act appropriately to achieve better value .

Introduction to Value Engineering :

Value Engineering is an organized effort which aims to review and analyze all activities of the project
Initial ideas to the design and commissioning and operation Ajrav then be created as one of the most efficient and most economical methods known in the area of ​​engineering activities .
Less time to reach the target value engineering operation without adding the cost or reduce the quality of work .
The continuous increase in operating costs and increasing IT costs, eliminate that part of things no role in the enhanced quality of execution is also required and is unnecessary .

Application of Value Engineering Projects Due to the complexity of the task , especially in large projects can be implemented undisputed management tool to control costs, become. The purpose of this method is the elimination or modification of anything that will impose unnecessary costs without losing the basic functionality into their designs
at each stage of a project to be implemented .

Today, as one of the best ways to improve the value of value engineering can be Mtzh managers . Successful implementation of its strategic plan to improve the quality and management of manufacturing and production and development projects have been established .

A Frayndast value engineering . The process may be repeated many times during the life of an organization .


Investigators about the main phases Frayndmhndsy value different points of view presented to realize some of them are mentioned and then combine them in a complementary framework for value engineering process is proposed .
A review of the comments provided Drmvrdfraynd Value Engineering :
According to Woodward blight and value engineering process consists of six phases as follows:

One . Data collection
Two . Finding creative solutions
Three . Analysis of solutions and select the right solution
4 . The planning for implementation ( implementing solutions Hadrml )
5 . Implemented
6 . Evaluating results and terminology required

Heller adds Fazdygry into these phases . This phase as the " knowledge of the Target Value Engineering " as leading to other phases of data collection is done.

ideas and ways of approaching it refers to .

These phases are:
One . Knowledge of the target value engineering
Two . Data collection
Three . Kakrd analysis - cost
4 . Find creative solutions
5 . Evaluate the solutions, and select the right solution
6 . Solutions to government officials or decision-making units
7 . Implementation
8 . Audit conducted

In the following brief explanation of these phases is discussed. Each phase is described in four categories listed below :
A) Describe the steps
B ) The key question to be answered in that phase .
C ) important points that must be considered in performing phase .
D ) tools and techniques that can be applied in fulfilling phase .




Phase I : Knowledge of the target value engineering
Description :
Value Engineering process may be carried in one of the following scenarios :

- Changes in the firm 's strategic objectives
- Technological developments
- The needs and demands of new customer
- New ideas for a product or service that may be provided by internal departments or imitation of competitors .



- Technological developments
- Nyaz·havkhvast new customer
- New ideas for a product or service that may be provided by internal departments or behavior is modeled .
Knowledge of whether or above or a combination of value engineering is essential , will form the first phase measure .

The key question
One . What is the product or service ?
Two . The purpose of value engineering in relation to the product or service Nzrchyst ?
Three . What is the scope of the study area ?
4 . Who are the members of the research team ?
5 . What are the research budget ?
Highlights
Funding and the relevant licenses to start the engineering process
Techniques and tools:
- Techniques and problem definition
- Techniques of selection, formation and organization of research teams : There are different opinions about the number of members . But most researchers in the 5 to 7 Nfrtakyddarnd . One person should be chosen as the leader .

Phase II : Data collection
Description : After identifying the problem and organizing the research team , it is time to gather the required information . It should be noted incomplete or inaccurate information is important because lowering the value index . This information identifies the problem and awareness of various aspects of the problem helped to provide appropriate solutions .


The key question :
One . What information is needed to start .
Two . What part of the information available?
Three . What are the main sources of information ?
4 . What are the possible problems in the way of access to information ?

Highlights:
- Knowledge of the information system
- Use of past experiences in the Value Engineering
- Trying to collect data filtering before they Vprhyz the evaluation stage
- Develop an appropriate method of documentation

Techniques and tools:
Data collection ( interviews, questionnaires , etc. )

Phase III: Analysis Karkrdhzynh
Description : According to experts, the most important phase of value engineering phase will form . In this phase, based on the information obtained about important functions that must be considered in designing a product or service , a decision is made . Generally classified into two main functions and sub- functions are divided .
Main functions : those who have purchased a product or means for its wisdom. The main task of the project.
Sub- functions : the functions of the Mqasddygrmtrh Shvndvbh not directly related to the primary purpose Shvdblkh them support. Actually functions selectively designer to do core functionality , allowing research shows .

The key question :
One . The secondary functions are the main functions of a product or service ?
Two . The main functions and sub ​​approximate value paid to customers ?
Three . The approximate cost of primary and secondary Ayjadkarkrdhay paid product or service ?
4 . Functions with costly What ?
5 . You can be certain Karkrdharahzf ?

Highlights:
- Analytical methods Nalyrkarkrd - cost
- Consider key factors in the successful marketing of a product or service
- Given the importance of standards in relation to the product or service

Techniques and Tools:
Parameters were assessed using paired comparisons method (AHP)
Nalyzkarkrdy techniques with system perspective (FAST)

Fourth phase : finding creative solutions
Description : Creativity is the lifeline of any organization . In the constantly changing world of today , the main creative Ankarpzyr organizations to build a brighter future because without it , organizations will be able to make changes in the defensive mode . Following the selection of the desired product or service functions and contribute to their work.

The key question :
1. The procedures for establishing the performance of the product or service there.
2. These methods , to what extent is innovation ?
Highlights:
- Given all the solutions seem impossible , even if I Drvhlh .
- Avoid making judgments about solutions and their evaluation
- Providing creative platform Vrf barriers in the organization
- Use of external resources , especially in terms of creative solutions Mshtryn Drpydakrdn
- In this phase, we should not only focus on the question " How can we improve the process ? " But the fact that he thought Baydbh " Button What actions can we run the other way ? "

Techniques and tools:
- Brainstorming Brain Storming
- Delphi technique Delphi Technique
- Nominal Group Technique Nominal Group Technique


Phase V: Evaluation of solutions and select the right solution
Description : According to the Organization for Rehabilitation cost solution to implement the financial, technological , human resources , etc , compare solutions and the optimal solution is selected .

The key question :
1. The resulting solution is to create the desired function ?
2. Costs of solution implementation in practice is how much ?
3 . Whether the organization provides opportunities to implement the solution ?

Highlights:
- Determine criteria and indicators to assess
- Analytical methods for evaluating and selecting the right solution Solution
Techniques and tools:
- Simple weighting techniques
- Paired Comparison Technique

Phase VI: The proposed Recommendation phase


The key question :
One . Who are the decision makers about solutions ?
Two . How does the solution provide ?


Highlights:
- Anticipating possible obstacles in adoption solutions
- The needs of decision-makers should be considered as value engineering change proposals acceptable deal .
- It is possible impediments to the plan proposed by individual members outside the group
- Use the appropriate method of presentation (Present) solutions

Tools and techniques :
Tool written plan (proposal) oral presentation (Presention)

Phase VII : Run Emplimentation phase of idea , no matter how valuable , can not be used if no value and the results are measured in terms of value here . If approved, the proposed solutions , and to provide a preliminary implementation are conducted . The estimated cost for this service , to provide the necessary funds , the benefits are outlined , recommendations are identified , implemented programs are proposed to determine the donor list .

The key question :
One . Problems , possible solutions to implement in practice what
Second . , What resources are needed to implement solutions that no organization should be fulfilled ?
3 . Implementation costs how much?

Highlights:
- Quickly run through careful planning and control Falyha
- Log and document the results

Techniques and tools:
Techniques and tools for project planning and

Phase VIII: audit
Audit results are usually carried out by a group of experts and customers is through surveys .

Key question :
1. The implementation of the predetermined solutions Ayjadkarkrdmvrdnzrbahzynh be Mnjrmy ?
2. Whether the execution time of engineering, decision parameters (eg demand Nyazmshtryan ) have compartment- change ? This change affects the attractiveness of the solution is ?

Important:
Ensure successful solution before mass production and product supply to market

Techniques and tools:
- Survey instruments such as questionnaires and interviews
- Techniques from experts or customer rating
- Statistical techniques

Value engineering constraints :

information is correct and applicable to group problem solving .

Instead, it is those who have no executive powers swimming document and its implementation are interested in learning more . While the perspective of value engineering to reduce costs not only reduce the cost of ancillary products implementing it.


Conclusions:

Value Engineering is an organized collection of related steps . , Which can be interpreted as a " process " to be defined . Value engineering process intended to identify the important functions of a product or service and convenient method of creating the function is performed .
This capability , value engineering as an effective management tool in position competitive advantage has become

Translate from: Arabic

Certainly, the difference between success and failure is often in our abilities to decide which is most of the time is not good , good, wise and mature people make decisions , and these people are immature .

I have a four-year girl who slowly learns to make his own decisions . She always plans what are the criteria for decision making ? The natural and simple he is himself two questions :

A. - It is chosen benefit me ?
B - whether its the right decision can be expected to benefit ?
If this attitude seems to be true , it should not surprise you .
All sensible people , this attitude good use. So then how should we decide ?
For decision making steps in this article is impressive . I have several old proverb that seems informative and relevant to add that I have .
1 - decide how to decide : Before discussing any issue you want to make decisions on different criteria to take decisions to select . The situation is much more to help you avoid hitting other things with your criteria .

2 - get the facts : we often heard by , or on the things we know are not true , we decide . The only useful information that are in fact known . To access this information you need to decide if you are ready to pay the price . Proverbs :

A - Origins Every wise man , his knowledge .
( Like those in the Persian language :
Anyone knowing his essence is
Everyone is working on the ability of M. )
B - at any price to get the facts .
3 - Talk to us, we resisted Tvrtbyy in obtaining counsel . This means that because of our own weakness to know your advice . Charge consultation ignorant things.
Proverbs :
C - refusal to discuss your plans will fail . But consult with your success has led numerous consulting .
( In Persian : Talk to perception and consciousness.
Intellect can help make sense of M )
D - the one who knows wise , stupid .
( In Persian : nothing would be more foolish than to be self Nykvgman . M. )
C - fear of humans, their livestock .
( In Farsi fear is death 's brother . M. )
4 - Take time and consider your plan for the unknown : When the emotional state are very high or very low , not decisions . Also Do not let others put you on important decisions under pressure .
Because , in this case, you 'll then proceed with guilt - especially when the decision is wrong - and you will have a hostile stance against that person .
C - the wise man considers itself to face the challenges ahead will be ready .
( In Persian : it is no problem that can not be easily
Man must not fear . M )
5 - Take into account the cost : the price starts from decisions difficult . Do the right things and its worth the price , it works regardless of missed opportunities , popularity , or loss of Keep . Now or later, you will pay the price for your decisions , and the payment is imminent . Therefore , before deciding to pay note.

G - acceleration of rejection of the conduct of affairs, and regret makes the human animal . ( In Persian : Why does the wise thing to open the regret flour . M. )
for his actions at the right time to lose .

These decisions are all the six simple steps , let us decide to try this experience

Engineering mind and creativity

What in the administrative management of the country's industrial and academic debate is a very serious and urgent problem of creativity. Foundation of scientific management in today's world is based on creativity . Engineering is the mind ? Engineering minds ; familiarity with the function and structure of the conscious and the unconscious mind and optimal utilization of the ability that is amazing . Mind engineering , design and management of the mind to achieve given goals .
Engineering principles in mind is that external reality in all its aspects is a reflection of the human mind maps . Hegel puts it : " The mind is the reality ." So creative visualization creative minds in management and production planning and training leads. Without effective management and creative minds , we can not expect the institutionalization of scientific management , and administration of educational organizations and industry .
Engineering major multilateral creative mind are:
1 - Communication with external reality
2 - Reception and Integration Message various internal and external environment .
3 - Processing data on the usefulness and relevance of information systems in mind.
4 - Choose the desired data and creating mental images .
5 - Send images to the unconscious command to execute in reality.
The category of perception and interpretation of such phenomena and needs, assess the good and bad or right and wrong or good and being unhelpful and selection , and the final decision is the responsibility of the conscious mind . Consideration and selection of stimulus and messages that alert the mind can not be the slightest effect on the mind. Therefore , the engineering mind set and skills required for creating images of high-quality products and optimal expected .
Surprisingly, the unconscious mind and its functions can be summarized in the following cases :
1 - The fact that the unconscious mind conscious mind says.
2 - the unconscious mind, good and bad , right and wrong , helpful and unhelpful it can not recognize a word, not the intelligence of the unconscious .
3 - the unconscious mind alert all commands without argumentation runs .
4 - unconscious of all emotions, behavior and relationships are dominated by activities inside the body .
5 - the unconscious mind without space and time and has access to all times and places .

7 - The cosmic energy is related to the unconscious mind and endless source of energy.
8 - each individual unconscious unconscious connection to other people .

10 - Serve the world with all its resources unconscious wishes that the picture is transmitted .


Creative arts in mind :

1 - Mind spotter

Goal setting is a crucial skill right mind . Information on the purpose and design based on the objective of mind , power of the mind to achieve that focus. Our minds besides spotter system , such as a space rocket system is the deviation meter .
Unconscious mind , a powerful agent in achieve planned goals . It is noteworthy that people often have no exact knowledge towards its objectives .

2 - empty mind

Empty mind , a mind that is free from negative thoughts and annoying , intrusive thoughts , thoughts that are not related to a specific purpose and are merely a waste of mental energy . Distracting thoughts and focus on the goal of reducing the dominance of the target and reduces labor and helps her creativity .
Infested areas and ways to get rid of annoying thoughts in mind, the mind is independent of the debate . Intrusive thoughts are usually in control and iterative and rational person to person and can be released from their submissive does not have .
Another factor that reduces the focus is having negative thoughts and judgments about self , work, and future career around that inner discontent and disorder work, distractions , work , and low careless of other deficiencies that are entirely based on the unconscious imagery acts not in anyone's control .
increases in utility and quality are produced .
.more achieved.

3 - The right hemisphere and the left hemisphere

's . Where the brain's energy supply is lost ? How long can think of . The brain is constantly thinking can be creative ?
Right hemisphere for rest, relaxation , attention , beauty, joy and freedom , poetry , music , love, heart, commitment , eternity and immortality Joining is designed to provide energy lost .
Creative mind, a mind which balances the right hemisphere and the left hemisphere of their uses . That's why the engineering mind the overall success success cartoon thinks not .the left and right brain themselves. To quote : " Deepak Chopra " great discovery " split mind at Home Now."

4 - Upload positive and negative files

Our mind is constantly thinking .and positive and pleasant thoughts and memories there.
Negative thoughts immediately begin to flow throughout the body and eliminates a person's focus and he could no longer think of the positive aspects .
Unfortunately, negative thinking , negative thoughts about past and present that can handle all your system needs . Many factors, physical illness , aggressive behavior or powerful isolationist and carelessness and negligence and nothing hidden , negative thoughts . Negative one , from behind dark glasses and looks at the world and the environment as a result of his work , with his negative thoughts fit .
Clear your mind of negative thoughts of the most important and most critical responsibilities is the management process .
Positive to Negative File photo file archiving, all memories are sweet and lovely . Every thought, feeling and behavior is positive or negative , and what makes your suit . Positive thinking , positive mood and creates the desire for creative work . Positive file against negative files , energy and the energy of all the memories that can be exploited . Positive memories of the past have been successful product solutions so amazingly creative minds are invited. Luckily file separate positive and negative files and rational mind, the activation of one , the other will lose .
The key question is how the file is negative or positive mind ? Give up his or her mind whether they are external conditions ?
Attention, repetition and emotion are three keys in mind the important registration information .negative thoughts will turn to hell .
Positive mind is the best solution finder .

5 - mind problem , mind solution finder

Problem in mind , the mind that whatever barriers are looking to make it big . It is used when people face setbacks or failure , these things considered abnormal and rely united their word is: "Why is it ," " I 'm lucky " with the judgments and Questions distressed , regardless of their ability to blame others and to be deprived of creativity .
Solution Finder is another habit of mind . Once the person is facing obstacles and difficulties, to express their feelings and seek solutions can be immediately and his mantra is: " The best way to success What are the mind's" Finder Solution judgments usually a absolute rule and avoid all or nothing , and considers various possibilities . I do not mind finding a solution begins to appear different possibilities and choose the best solution .

6 - Creative and effective communication

Today's world of communication. Advanced technology , advanced communications product . Those who are not able to make extensive communication can not take advantage of the capabilities of the great creative minds . This makes the relationship between nations and cultures , as well as the relationship between the individual and the organization is true . Quote " Lyvbvskalya " : " The heart is working premise ."

Ten principles of change management

Back to when the chief executives of large companies , and organizations were looking for a simple goal : stability. Shareholders also want to gain a bit higher than expected , respectively. Prices were controlled , people with job security and a good life , and therefore desirable.But today market transparency , a dynamic workforce , a global investment boom and rapid communication has led to the old scenario under study is satisfactory, with a closer look . Today, most industries and virtually " all companies - from industrial giants to small businesses feet - on the common goal of managing the " change " in the past was generally avoid , focus .Program changes , most executives struggle with an unfamiliar and strange encounter . Turnover in most programs in large companies , usually " managers and advisers to adopt best practices and policies focused all his attention to while in order to be successful , it is necessary that the human dimension of change management - in accordance with the organization's culture values ​​and behaviors of members - also their attention. Plans and Programs in itself has no value. Their value through a joint response , thousands and perhaps tens of thousands of employees identified to be responsible for the design, implementation and life has changed in the environment , are.the program has changed ) , time (when change is necessary to run the program ) and the importance of strategies and policies.Some senior managers are aware of this issue and are concerned about it . They are also concerned about preserving the values ​​and culture of the company and develop a sense of responsibility also . Team leadership in the planning , overlook the human dimension often are surprised why they fail, and the best planning goes away .1 - to continually and systematically consider the human dimension : every change and become remarkable and important , for sure , " should be considered members of the organization . The new directors are expected to progress , change , develop skills and abilities in the organization are , while employees become resistant to these issues . Change program with the leadership team to start working with the directors and major shareholders support ends definitely " will have good outcomes with . High data collection , analysis , planning and proper implementation of policies and system redesign as necessary. Change management program should be absolutely " be in line with the planning and decision-making processes more efficient and effective program to be implemented and should be based on realistic assessments about the organization, organizational readiness and capacity to accept change.2 - Find out more on the organization changed since the program 's philosophy is thus to cause confusion among members at all levels are therefore at risk , all eyes will be looking towards the strengthening of the CEO and the leadership team , support, and they are being driven . They have a constant tone and style , they behave as desired . Executive 's performance and their performance as a group is desirable for success in an organization are the best. They put themselves on the path to change program execution to take responsibility . With a full understanding of the culture change program that they are going to introduce them to try to make a pattern .

At every level of the organization, who are trained as leaders and introduced his vision back in line with the company's vision and mission entrusted prepared on behalf of the business organization to implement and enforce change program , to obtain the necessary motivation .First, policies, vision and goals of senior management was determined by 10 , then 60 and 500 Mdyrmyany the issue of change of leadership also took charge of the program . This structure remained stable during the change program and ultimately lead to a doubling of the company's profit was more than anticipated . This method is also suitable method for organizations to be able to identify your future needs leaders .4 - formalize the plan change : People have an innate understanding and intelligence agencies are to be asked and what is required to develop a change ? Whether organizations are moving in the right direction and the right person and the organization's leaders want " to make changes ? Here they look for the appropriate response to the leadership .It is necessary to perform the following steps are done :- Articulate a compelling reason why change is necessary ;- Proven and expressed the belief that the future success of the organization and the leadership team to get success ;- Vthyh determine strategies to guide behavior and decision making .The leaders have a message for the domestic audience in the preparation and planning for individuals to change their descriptions .A packaging company which for years had been struggling with the problem of declining revenue in the company's decision to effectively change the . Thus , 30 percent of the workforce chose to modify the company 's survival . Executive team in several meetings , stating the fact that such layoff is the only way to survive now .After the project , the remaining people in the company , rather than having been determined to be demoralizing to progress toward their best company to work overtime.Doing so requires more than a simple agreement that the adoption is driven by the leaders of the change . This sense of responsibility , often with participation in identifying problems , providing solutions arise and are reinforced by rewards and incentives . The rewards can be tangible , such as financial rewards or be immaterial aspects such as creating a sense of friendship and trust.The design team for 6 months with a team of consultants offering plan worked . After completing the planning, implementation was entrusted to the executive leadership team to run the program , change the resistance . While initially agreed to change the program , but later concluded that the design and planning stages have not had the participation of enough .6 - inform staff: Program leaders often changed by mistake " to believe that other staff as to why they are aware of changes . When a program is effective and useful change would be required on a regular and timely messages to employees said. Have the correct and timely information to employees, there is constantly changing during the course of the program and the feedback will also be given to employees . Sometimes it is necessary to do more through informative done.. He thought differently and yield over 100 thousand employees more than changing the system program needs. Head tax , performance information through the audio posts daily principals and senior staff meetings, training , videotapes , newspapers and meetings in the City Hall implemented . Proper and timely notification and ongoing change program was headed . This results in an increasing number of taxpayers from the lowest number to the highest level , such as the number of customers the restaurant " McDonald's " and most airlines .7 - Evaluation and Assessment Culture : The culture change programs that will be successful at any level of the whole " that matters .change , identifying conflicts and determining the impact of understanding and leaders realized. These marks indicate the values, beliefs , behaviors that are key to the creation of a successful change must come together .8 - identify explicit and precise culture : the culture must be understood as modified in all aspects of the program should be addressed . This requires the development of policies , define and identify full and clear goal or plan for changing the culture and custom .Part of a mosaic of cultures , history, values, beliefs , behaviors and attitudes are shared explicitly . Can change plans involve creating a culture ( in new companies or companies Chndmalkyty ) , fusion of cultures ( in mergers and large firms ) and strengthen (the old companies or manufacturing companies ) is. Be concluded that all organizations have a cultural center - a place of contemplation, action , influence or personal identity - the most effective way to start a culture change.A manufacturer of consumer goods with a certain brand of the business reality requires more focus on profitability and achieving the ultimate benefit . This has caused the enthusiasm to embrace the new philosophy , which is the sales staff to coordinate the activities of sales and marketing , offering incentive plans and programs would be more justified . We can see that the new program brought to the attention of the leaders of this culture are the other members are also into this policy .9 - Prepare for the unexpected and unforeseen issues : the right to change any program " will not be based on planned projects . Humans react to unexpected problems . Necessary for the effective management of change , frequent and continuous study and evaluation of the effects of changes and demands of users and the ability to adapt to change with the next wave .A U.S. health maintenance organization , competitive and financial pressures facing due to inability to react to changes in the sales department . Investigation revealed that the cause of this deficiency in the structure and management of the organization. Thus , the organization decided to implement a new function . A new CEO took over leadership of the team . Action plans were adopted for the speed and sequence of the basic principles underlying the performance of intact and unchanged .10 - Interview with member organizations change organizations and individuals can Drnhad to update. People spend many hours a week at work . Many colleagues consider their second family . Individuals or teams need to know how to change their how they will be organized and what is expected during and after the changes .How their performance will be evaluated and the meaning of success and failure in terms of what the people around them . Team leaders must be Tahdamkan honest and forthright .Against what they see and hear people react and participate in the program are changed . Organizations succeed in persuading employees to accept changes in the organization rewards and tangible benefits such as promotions, honors and financial rewards to offer . During the authentication process of change and encourage employees to act strengthens the organization's commitment.